Death and Dying

From a clinical point of view, "death" means the body ceases to function, that is, a person who has died has lost the ability to sustain spontaneous breathing and heartbeat. Death is an undesirable event for most people, but it is also an inevitable event. Some people will succumb to the sudden and tragic accident, as well as those victims of terrorist attacks in the U.S. World Trade Center on 11 September Some others will die over a period of disease fighting, and we call it as the process of dying. We feel uncomfortable to talk or even think about the death of our loved ones and our own. It seems to be associated with many unpleasant meanings, for example. Dan Judge, the spirit, weakness, mystery, and so on

While many of us would echo the desire to live forever, life inevitably ends in smrti.100 years, people have died simply because it is the least dangerous diseases in modern medical science, such as tuberculosis, influenza or pneumonia. Now, these diseases are much less widespread, because it is a significant improvement in public health and preventive medical technology advances in the 20th stoljeću.Izricanje of disease is equal to the moment of the death penalty can be managed or treated in modern medical regimen, such as at the end stage of cancer can be managed through the intervention of radiation, chemotherapy and surgical intervention to extend life or death process, but some have problems with medical advances at the same time, such as patients need to overcome long-term care and the dying process, they may not ready to deal with longer time to death and painful suffering, moreover, their family members can find so difficult to communicate or take good care of your love one , during the final stage of life. The social worker is one of the experts who work closely with psychosocial well-being of individuals, which suggests ways to deal with death and dying issues, it May be one of the most meaningful and challenging task of social workers.

in the following paragraphs, I will try to work out the issues of death, coping with social taboos, such as dies, who will suffer from the dying process as a social worker can help during these processes. Unfortunately, the patient until the end of the process of dying a death, how to help their families overcome the grief event will also be discussed.

What is death?

If you want me as a consultant to offer some help for the dying patient, first we must establish a clear picture of their psychological reactions to death.

is the process of dying when the terminally ill patient adapts to the possibility of death. According to Kubler-Ross's five stages of the theory of dying, dying is composed of five stupnjeva.Prva stage is denial, it is thought that the person initial reaction to learning the answer may be that some mistake was made, to the shock and denial that something is wrong last few days. Denial of early adjustment to life-threatening illness is a normal and useful, as a defense mechanism to give the appearance of a successful psychological refuge from reality, it is a primitive system of care for people to accept and buffer the most stressful or shocking events, while a person is more ready to face the reality .

The second stage is anger, angry patients can ask questions like 'why me,' May they show hatred towards other people who could have gotten the same disease, but can survive and get favorable dijagnoze.Ljutiti patient may show resentment toward other healthy persons as well as their friends or family members. Some others can not express their anger in a direct form may show their resentment and anger through death or cracking jokes.

The third stage is bargaining at this stage, patients will abandon their anger in favor of other strategies, it often takes the form of a pact with God, pray believe their superstitious figures. Some others just develop good behavior in order to achieve good zdravlje.Jedini reason for this may be understood as a sign that patients are trying to hit so cheap for the exchange of health or more times.

depression can be viewed as the fourth phase, the patients in this stage to realize no matter how hard they do, others say that they are not worth it, especially health care professionals can uncover the truth behinds all the efforts paid by the third stage, sending them most cruelest messages, such as worsening of their liver function, loss of appetite and other deterioration simptoma.Bolesnici may feel sick, breathless and tired. Also, they find it difficult to eat, to control the elimination, to focus attention and escape the pain or discomfort. They mourn the possibility of his death.

Patient May be too weak to be angry and too used to the idea of ​​dying to be depressed. Some patients begin to use the remaining time to prepare, decide how to divide his last personal possessions and say goodbye to old friends and family members. Patients in this stage can be called a fifth stage.

Although not all patients need to go through the above five steps in advance so that some patients do not pass through certain stages, the model emphasizes counseling needs of the dying, which include psycho-social as professional social workers can offer help in these aspects. Also, the model has broken through the silence and taboos surrounding death.

Dying is a process to approach death, social workers can increase the capacity of patients' mastery of information from patients in the phase of a death or at the stage of denial is experiencing a strong sense of control, for example, they are suddenly being told to leave the world in three months or shorter time, all your everyday life is already planned out its schedule, has lost direction, I can not predict what will happen tomorrow. Mastery of their disease related information can help them manage their remaining time in a solid knowledge base. Social workers to intervene as a compass for patients when they suddenly lose their direction, help them to find ways for the road ahead. In addition, mastery of information may distract their attention on other aspects rather than focusing on their negative emotions allows an individual to do or manage other important companies. This is the first step to these patients in the face of reality, and then we can set a realistic goal in the remaining life.

for terminal illness, it often brings the need for continued treatment is weakened and unpleasant side effects. The early detection of end-stage liver cancer, my father should undergo frequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, he lost his head which threatened his physical appearance, he also lost his appetite and became thinner by the day, most heart-broken thing in the the last two months of fighting liver cancer, he began vomiting blood often, these images will never forget. As a social worker can help to relieve these kind of painful suffering in some way, for example, try to encourage patients to focus on their attention to their fortunate or pleasing stvari.Strategija for this intervention called "interference" (Taylor, PP. 320), this technique is that people focus attention on some irrelevant and attention-getting incentives can divert attention from pain, patients can focus on the positive side of a past event, and help them to reflect their most cherishable get in life.

Positive cognitive guidance can be taken as a first step for patients to be closer to reality. The emotional aspects, social workers can actively link with medical staff, because staff may be the only person who knows the real information about the patients' true feelings in some circumstances, for example, some patients were happy or very positive about their own physical conditions in their families 'posjeta.Sretna person can only occur during visits, but in fact the patients may just do not want to offend others, if the busy staff can not maintain communication with family members, a real sense can be masked behind the veil, never to be discovered and compromise psychosocial well-being dying patients.

of the study or death issues are relatively limited due to several factors, npr.tabu in our society, funding, so I only based on the Kubler-Ross's five stages of death to illustrate the theory of needs and assistance can be offered from one of of potential. In the following paragraphs, I would like to propose an intervention for social workers to participate.

time remaining for the terminally ill patient is tight, how to organize and make good use of time for the patients or their family members are given priority over other things that can avoid the guilt feelings later, enabling them to find meaning in reality. Social workers can help patients to set realistic goals. This is a positive effect in reality as opposed to some patients can not accept the reality of a total withdrawal from their social interactions. When things can be achieved with the efforts of paid family members of patients, all of them can feel that they can do something for the patient, reduce the feeling of guilt towards a situation of hopelessness.